Sanitary pads, also known as menstrual pads or sanitary napkins, are essential products used by women during their menstrual cycles. These pads provide comfort, absorbency, and protection against leakage. Have you ever wondered what materials are used to make sanitary pads? Let's take a closer look at the components. 

Absorbent Core:
The absorbent core is the most crucial component of a sanitary pad. It is responsible for absorbing menstrual fluid and keeping the surface dry. The core is typically made of a combination of materials, such as wood pulp, fluff pulp, and superabsorbent polymers (SAPs). Wood pulp and fluff pulp are natural fibers derived from trees, which have excellent absorbency properties. SAPs are absorbent materials that can retain several times their weight in liquid, providing high levels of absorbency.

Top Layer:
The top layer, also known as the body-facing layer or the stay-dry layer, is in direct contact with the user's skin. It is designed to keep the surface dry and comfortable, preventing moisture from coming into contact with the skin. Common materials used for the top layer include non-woven fabrics, such as polypropylene or polyester, which are soft, breathable, and have good liquid permeability.

Backing Layer:
The backing layer is the outermost layer of the sanitary pad, intended to prevent leakage and provide a barrier between the pad and the user's clothing. It is typically made of a waterproof or water-resistant material, such as polyethylene or polypropylene film. These materials effectively block moisture from penetrating through the pad.

Wings and Adhesive:
Many sanitary pads feature wings, which are flaps that fold over the sides of underwear to provide added security and help prevent side leaks. The wings are often made of the same materials as the backing layer and may include adhesive to ensure a secure attachment to the underwear. The adhesive used is typically a pressure-sensitive adhesive that is safe for skin contact.

Wrapping and Packaging:
Sanitary pads are usually individually wrapped to maintain hygiene and facilitate convenient storage and disposal. The wrapping material is often a thin layer of plastic film or paper that provides a protective barrier. The individual pads are then packaged in cardboard boxes or plastic bags for retail sales.

Additional Features:
Some sanitary pads may incorporate additional features to enhance comfort and functionality. These can include anatomical shaping, which provides a more contoured fit, and perforations on the top layer to improve liquid transfer and distribution within the pad.

Environmentally Friendly Alternatives:
In recent years, there has been a growing demand for environmentally friendly sanitary pads. These pads are made using sustainable materials and have minimal impact on the environment. Some eco-friendly options include pads made from organic cotton, bamboo fibers, or biodegradable materials that decompose more quickly after disposal.

Sanitary pads are composed of various materials carefully chosen for their absorbency, comfort, and leakage-prevention properties. The core, top layer, backing layer, wings, adhesive, wrapping, and additional features all play a role in ensuring the effectiveness and comfort of the pad. As the demand for environmentally friendly alternatives increases, manufacturers are also exploring sustainable materials for more eco-conscious options. By understanding the materials used in sanitary pads, women can make informed choices based on their preferences, comfort, and environmental considerations.